About the benefits of iron, or familiarity with GPS/GLONASS trackers
the Main direction of activity of our company is to develop software for satellite monitoring. Therefore we closely cooperate with manufacturers of GPS/GLONASS equipment. So we decided to share the experience and produce a series of thematic articles on GPS/GLONASS trackers, which will tell you how you classify navigational equipment, and a detailed look at the technical features of the devices, the most popular among users of our product.
The first article focuses on basic concepts of: what is GPS tracker how it works and what happens. The goal is to acquaint readers with the principles of navigation and classification of GPS trackers on the purpose and characteristics of technical implementation.
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Hardware tracker is a device used to remotely control the movement of vehicles, people and other objects on which it is installed. To determine the exact location of the object trackers use satellite navigation.
GPS trackers can be used as a separate electronic device and appropriate software.
Software tracker – software that allows you to use smartphones, tablets and other devices as a hardware platform GPS tracker. The application gets access to the regular GPS receiver, and the communication with the navigation server is based on GSM and Wi-Fi module portable device. Example software tracker can serve as a mobile application GPS Tag.
Due to the lack of hardware and software trackers benefit at a cost to their electronic counterparts. However, the functionality of the tracker-the software is much inferior to specially developed electronic devices, and is restricted mainly to the determination and transmission of location. Therefore we shall focus on hardware devices.
The tracker consists of several components:
the
the
the
In addition to determining location, modern trackers can accumulate other data, for example, information from the onboard vehicle systems and other sensors.
the
The variety of GPS trackers can be divided into several groups according to purpose: transport monitoring, personal tracking and monitoring other objects.
the
The type of connecting the tracker to the on-Board vehicle systems of the device are divided into several types.
the
Power is supplied by tapping into the onboard network of the car. Can also be used built-in battery for Autonomous operation during repair or fault on the electrical system.
To improve reception of the GPS signal and GSM can be used with an external antenna.
In addition, this type of device allows you to connect different types of additional vehicle systems such as the fuel level sensor (FLS), digital tachographs, event data recorders system ignition control, temperature sensors in the cabin and the vehicle body, the system of control of technical condition of the car (for example, the reader CAN bus), etc.
Setup and device configuration can be performed remotely through the download of the firmware and sending control commands.
Advantages: these trackers are multi-functional and reliable. An important advantage of this type of device is the possibility of flush mounting.
Disadvantages: the complexity of Assembly and repair.
Approximate cost wired trackers, depending on the functionality that is 3000-18000 RUB.
An example of a popular GPS/GLONASS tracker can serve as GALILEOSKY 3G v 5.1.
the
OBD II connector (On-Board diagnostic) designed for the diagnostics of vehicle systems and is universal for most types of modern cars. With this connector it is possible to consider many parameters with on-Board computer and the flight sensors of the vehicle.
Manufacturers of GPS trackers has not missed the opportunity to use these benefits and have developed devices that connect directly to the OBD II connector.
Advantages: these trackers have numerous features and are easy to install in the car.
Disadvantages: low positioning accuracy (without external antenna). Also reading data from the flight sensors of the car does not always provide complete and accurate information. For example, to improve the accuracy of control of fuel consumption is it better to use specially designed flow meters, fuel level sensors and to integrate them with "wired" devices to transfer data to the server processing.
Approximate cost OBDII tracker is 1500-9000 RUB.
Example of OBD II tracker can serve as ATrack AX7.
the
There are times when you must use one of GPS tracker for different vehicles. For this developed model trackers powered by the cigarette lighter. Such trackers are portable and often have waterproof housings. Usually, the device is powered from the cigarette lighter do not use advanced functionality (connection of additional sensors), as it is fraught with the complication of installation. The presence of an external antenna here optional: the device can be placed in front of the windshield of the car, where the GPS/GSM signal is quite acceptable.
Advantages: this type of trackers is compact and easily installed in the car.
Disadvantages: not to "hide" the device, i.e. no possibility for flush mounting, and therefore, unscrupulous drivers can easily create the tracker down.
Example of GPS/GLONASS tracker-powered cigarette lighter can serve as Gosafe G717.
Approximate cost trackers powered by the cigarette lighter is 6000-30000 RUB.
It is important to understand that by itself, the tracker is quite limited in its functions. He is only able to accumulate the location data and the sensor data, and then send them to the server for further processing. At this stage, in conjunction with software infinite units, zeros and other character set are converted to human-friendly information. The classical scheme of "automobile tracker+" is used in many areas of business and everyday life.
Transport company and courier service. monitoring System (tracker SOFTWARE) allows forwarders to track the movement of goods, monitor vehicle and driver via additional sensors. In addition, the system helps prevent unauthorized flights and plum of fuel by unscrupulous drivers.
taxi Service. Data service monitoring allows the dispatcher to determine the closest free car and pave the optimal route for the driver based on operational information on road conditions.
farms and road services. capabilities of modern monitoring systems allow you to monitor the use of agricultural and construction machinery to control hours and prevent fuel discharges.
Security services. GPS/GLONASS tracker is connected to the vehicle alarm system of the car. The owner or operator of the security services can track the location of a stolen vehicle and, if necessary, to send a signal to the motor to stop.
Insurance company. To determine driving style and calculate insurance factors, insurance companies are increasingly using data from GPS trackers installed on vehicles of clients. The GPS tracker sends the collected data (mileage, speed, acceleration, average fuel consumption, data on engine speed, etc.) to the server monitoring system. Next, the software processes this information and allows a detailed analysis of driving style. Based on the results of the analysis an insurance agent can put a multiplying or reduction factors in the insurance policy. By the way, trackers, connected directly to OBD II the connector, are perfectly suitable for these purposes.
Organizers of sporting events. Trackers allow judges and marshals to track the exact location and speed of participants of rallies, sailing regattas and other competitions. Using the data received from the trackers, you can define leaders, to prevent fraud and to quickly respond to the signal SOS in an emergency.
the
Personal trackers are widely used to monitor people and Pets. As a rule, they have a compact size and be sure to an Autonomous power source. The principle of operation of personal trackers is similar to the work car. The only differences are the shape, dimensions, and possibilities for data analysis external sensors. For example, in the personal tracker can be integrated with additional sensors (heart rate monitor, etc.).
Often as a personal GPS tracker applications for mobile devices.
In what areas are used personal trackers?
Monitoring mobile employees: couriers, sales agents, seconded persons, etc.
the Observation of young children, elderly relatives. an example of a compact personal GPS trackers for monitoring kids and the elderly is the SkyPatrol TT8850.
follow pet. distinguished by the presence of spill-resistant shockproof housing, power source high-capacity for long-term Autonomous operation. Such trackers are often used to control the grazing of breeding cattle in large areas. Also devices of this type are often integrated in collars for hunting dogs or Pets for the convenience of their search. An example of the tracker-the collar can serve as Rilla G19. The cost of personal trackers will start from 1,000 rubles.
watching wild animals (GPS, beacons). GPS beacons are designed to monitor the migrations of wild animals, which is very important for scientists and environmental organizations. Different spill-resistant shockproof housing. These devices determine their location and get in touch with is extremely rare that allows you to achieve long autonomy (up to several years) in a compact size of the device.
Tourism, leisure. Allow you to analyze information on the route of travel and training, attach photos and videos to the geographical point of the route. In addition, in case of emergency you can send location data to emergency services.
the
Trackers used to monitor goods that are very similar to personal, but have some peculiarities.
Most often these devices are used to monitor shipping containers. Such trackers should have a sealed housing, capacious battery and a powerful external antenna (GPS and GSM), because the metal of the container is a serious obstacle to the penetration of external signals.
To monitor important mail can be used compact GPS beacons.
the
In addition to control of mobile objects, GPS trackers used for monitoring of stationary objects. In this case, the location data is not important. However, the signal from GPS satellites can be used for time synchronization. Otherwise, if you are monitoring stationary objects in the first place the important data of the sensors connected to the tracker. These data are processed by software and are visualized as tables, charts and reports.
In this review we gave a brief description of the main types of GPS trackers and areas where they are used. In the near future we plan to publish a series of detailed technical reviews of popular models from tracker, as well as promising innovations in the market of equipment for GPS monitoring.
Article based on information from habrahabr.ru
The first article focuses on basic concepts of: what is GPS tracker how it works and what happens. The goal is to acquaint readers with the principles of navigation and classification of GPS trackers on the purpose and characteristics of technical implementation.
the
What is GPS tracker?
Hardware tracker is a device used to remotely control the movement of vehicles, people and other objects on which it is installed. To determine the exact location of the object trackers use satellite navigation.
GPS trackers can be used as a separate electronic device and appropriate software.
Software tracker – software that allows you to use smartphones, tablets and other devices as a hardware platform GPS tracker. The application gets access to the regular GPS receiver, and the communication with the navigation server is based on GSM and Wi-Fi module portable device. Example software tracker can serve as a mobile application GPS Tag.
Due to the lack of hardware and software trackers benefit at a cost to their electronic counterparts. However, the functionality of the tracker-the software is much inferior to specially developed electronic devices, and is restricted mainly to the determination and transmission of location. Therefore we shall focus on hardware devices.
The tracker consists of several components:
the
signal Receiver navigation GPS/GLONASS satellites with which the device determines your location. When neither a signal from the satellites the location can be determined by analyzing the signal of the stationary GSM base stations, but the accuracy of this method is greatly reduced.
the
GSM module for communication with the navigation server. After the device has determined its location, it transmits the collected information to the base station of the cellular communications via GPRS packet or an SMS message. The signal is then transmitted to the server processing. Connect from your PC or mobile device to the data processing server, the operator can know the exact location of the object, information about its technical condition and information about the route. Depending on the configuration of the installed equipment, the system operator can send the object a message or command is executed.
the
Built-in battery, Wi-Fi module and internal memory. These components, the device may be optional. In the absence of GSM signal tracker records the information into the internal memory ("black box") and at the first opportunity transmit to the base station. Some types of trackers can transmit information to the server through the satellite communication or Wi-Fi. On the market there are devices that can use all the above methods of data transmission.
In addition to determining location, modern trackers can accumulate other data, for example, information from the onboard vehicle systems and other sensors.
the
Types of trackers by appointment
The variety of GPS trackers can be divided into several groups according to purpose: transport monitoring, personal tracking and monitoring other objects.
the
Trackers to monitor transport
The type of connecting the tracker to the on-Board vehicle systems of the device are divided into several types.
the
Wired trackers.
Power is supplied by tapping into the onboard network of the car. Can also be used built-in battery for Autonomous operation during repair or fault on the electrical system.
To improve reception of the GPS signal and GSM can be used with an external antenna.
In addition, this type of device allows you to connect different types of additional vehicle systems such as the fuel level sensor (FLS), digital tachographs, event data recorders system ignition control, temperature sensors in the cabin and the vehicle body, the system of control of technical condition of the car (for example, the reader CAN bus), etc.
Setup and device configuration can be performed remotely through the download of the firmware and sending control commands.
Advantages: these trackers are multi-functional and reliable. An important advantage of this type of device is the possibility of flush mounting.
Disadvantages: the complexity of Assembly and repair.
Approximate cost wired trackers, depending on the functionality that is 3000-18000 RUB.
An example of a popular GPS/GLONASS tracker can serve as GALILEOSKY 3G v 5.1.
the
OBD II trackers.
OBD II connector (On-Board diagnostic) designed for the diagnostics of vehicle systems and is universal for most types of modern cars. With this connector it is possible to consider many parameters with on-Board computer and the flight sensors of the vehicle.
Manufacturers of GPS trackers has not missed the opportunity to use these benefits and have developed devices that connect directly to the OBD II connector.
Advantages: these trackers have numerous features and are easy to install in the car.
Disadvantages: low positioning accuracy (without external antenna). Also reading data from the flight sensors of the car does not always provide complete and accurate information. For example, to improve the accuracy of control of fuel consumption is it better to use specially designed flow meters, fuel level sensors and to integrate them with "wired" devices to transfer data to the server processing.
Approximate cost OBDII tracker is 1500-9000 RUB.
Example of OBD II tracker can serve as ATrack AX7.
the
Trackers that work from the cigarette lighter.
There are times when you must use one of GPS tracker for different vehicles. For this developed model trackers powered by the cigarette lighter. Such trackers are portable and often have waterproof housings. Usually, the device is powered from the cigarette lighter do not use advanced functionality (connection of additional sensors), as it is fraught with the complication of installation. The presence of an external antenna here optional: the device can be placed in front of the windshield of the car, where the GPS/GSM signal is quite acceptable.
Advantages: this type of trackers is compact and easily installed in the car.
Disadvantages: not to "hide" the device, i.e. no possibility for flush mounting, and therefore, unscrupulous drivers can easily create the tracker down.
Example of GPS/GLONASS tracker-powered cigarette lighter can serve as Gosafe G717.
Approximate cost trackers powered by the cigarette lighter is 6000-30000 RUB.
It is important to understand that by itself, the tracker is quite limited in its functions. He is only able to accumulate the location data and the sensor data, and then send them to the server for further processing. At this stage, in conjunction with software infinite units, zeros and other character set are converted to human-friendly information. The classical scheme of "automobile tracker+" is used in many areas of business and everyday life.
Transport company and courier service. monitoring System (tracker SOFTWARE) allows forwarders to track the movement of goods, monitor vehicle and driver via additional sensors. In addition, the system helps prevent unauthorized flights and plum of fuel by unscrupulous drivers.
taxi Service. Data service monitoring allows the dispatcher to determine the closest free car and pave the optimal route for the driver based on operational information on road conditions.
farms and road services. capabilities of modern monitoring systems allow you to monitor the use of agricultural and construction machinery to control hours and prevent fuel discharges.
Security services. GPS/GLONASS tracker is connected to the vehicle alarm system of the car. The owner or operator of the security services can track the location of a stolen vehicle and, if necessary, to send a signal to the motor to stop.
Insurance company. To determine driving style and calculate insurance factors, insurance companies are increasingly using data from GPS trackers installed on vehicles of clients. The GPS tracker sends the collected data (mileage, speed, acceleration, average fuel consumption, data on engine speed, etc.) to the server monitoring system. Next, the software processes this information and allows a detailed analysis of driving style. Based on the results of the analysis an insurance agent can put a multiplying or reduction factors in the insurance policy. By the way, trackers, connected directly to OBD II the connector, are perfectly suitable for these purposes.
Organizers of sporting events. Trackers allow judges and marshals to track the exact location and speed of participants of rallies, sailing regattas and other competitions. Using the data received from the trackers, you can define leaders, to prevent fraud and to quickly respond to the signal SOS in an emergency.
the
Personal GPS tracker
Personal trackers are widely used to monitor people and Pets. As a rule, they have a compact size and be sure to an Autonomous power source. The principle of operation of personal trackers is similar to the work car. The only differences are the shape, dimensions, and possibilities for data analysis external sensors. For example, in the personal tracker can be integrated with additional sensors (heart rate monitor, etc.).
Often as a personal GPS tracker applications for mobile devices.
In what areas are used personal trackers?
Monitoring mobile employees: couriers, sales agents, seconded persons, etc.
the Observation of young children, elderly relatives. an example of a compact personal GPS trackers for monitoring kids and the elderly is the SkyPatrol TT8850.
follow pet. distinguished by the presence of spill-resistant shockproof housing, power source high-capacity for long-term Autonomous operation. Such trackers are often used to control the grazing of breeding cattle in large areas. Also devices of this type are often integrated in collars for hunting dogs or Pets for the convenience of their search. An example of the tracker-the collar can serve as Rilla G19. The cost of personal trackers will start from 1,000 rubles.
watching wild animals (GPS, beacons). GPS beacons are designed to monitor the migrations of wild animals, which is very important for scientists and environmental organizations. Different spill-resistant shockproof housing. These devices determine their location and get in touch with is extremely rare that allows you to achieve long autonomy (up to several years) in a compact size of the device.
Tourism, leisure. Allow you to analyze information on the route of travel and training, attach photos and videos to the geographical point of the route. In addition, in case of emergency you can send location data to emergency services.
the
Trackers to monitor cargo
Trackers used to monitor goods that are very similar to personal, but have some peculiarities.
Most often these devices are used to monitor shipping containers. Such trackers should have a sealed housing, capacious battery and a powerful external antenna (GPS and GSM), because the metal of the container is a serious obstacle to the penetration of external signals.
To monitor important mail can be used compact GPS beacons.
the
Monitoring of stationary objects
In addition to control of mobile objects, GPS trackers used for monitoring of stationary objects. In this case, the location data is not important. However, the signal from GPS satellites can be used for time synchronization. Otherwise, if you are monitoring stationary objects in the first place the important data of the sensors connected to the tracker. These data are processed by software and are visualized as tables, charts and reports.
In this review we gave a brief description of the main types of GPS trackers and areas where they are used. In the near future we plan to publish a series of detailed technical reviews of popular models from tracker, as well as promising innovations in the market of equipment for GPS monitoring.
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